Coming from the pluralist tradition of sikhism where the holy book contains not only the verses of the sikh gurus but also of hindu and muslim saints, and where the. Followers of judaism believe in one god who revealed himself through ancient prophets. Unlike members of many other religions they worship god in his true abstract form, and dont use images or statues to help them. Hinduism diffused into southeast asia mostly india and into the island of bali in indonesia. Some scholars believe that sikhs are of aryan stock but general sir john gordon in his book the sikhs 1904 states that they may be the descendants of the scythian invaders that entered north india. Hinduism is a compilation of many traditions and philosophies and is considered by many scholars to be the worlds oldest religion, dating back more than 4,000 years. The most sacred object in sikhism is the guru granth sahib also called the adi granth, the sikh holy book. The british helped themselves get a favourable religious spin when they took control of the sikh religious. Sikhs believe that guru nanak was the first humble bearer of this light of truth and the hymns he composed express the core beliefs of sikhism. These hymns were written down and form the beginning of the sikh holy book which is called the siri guru granth sahib. This gurus where the enlightened teachers, through whom god revealed his will. Christianity vs sikhism difference and comparison diffen. The guru granth sahib is a collection of teachings and writings by guru nanak and other gurus as well as sikh, hindu and muslim saints.
Sikhs consider their faith to be a separate religion from hinduism though they acknowledge its hindu roots and traditions. The holy book of the sikhs is known as guru granth sahib. The sikhs holy book is guru granth sahib the granth as the guru and this is considered the summation of the ten gurus and their beliefs. The 3 major branches of sikhism spiritual growth guide. It was founded by guru nanak at the end of the 15th century. Compared to other religions, sikhism is a religion of recent origin, founded in the 15th century ad by its founder sri guru.
It first began to grow in southwest asia when bahaullah was banished and exiled many times, bringing his beliefs to wherever he moved to. These books, known as the deuterocanonical are tobit, judith, 1 and 2 maccabees, wisdom, sirach and baruch. Sikhismintroduction wikibooks, open books for an open world. The gurdwara is still however set up as though a human guru is in residence that is the book is treated as the human gurus may have been in their day. The main teachings of the guru granth sahib is the love of humanity.
Origins and diffusion cultural geography a geography of religion for many people, religion, more than any other cultural trait, defines who they are and how they understand the world around them. Sikhs have their own holy scripture, guru granth sahib. The changes in the diffusion of buddhism and hinduism through 600 ce greatly impacted these religions such as the popularity of the religions in india and where the religions was being diffused. Nanaks encounter of god and gods court was in fact a profound hallucinatory neardeath experience caused by drowning that strengthened his preconceived notion of a rational, compassionate and unorthodox society. The main holy book in sikhism is the guru granth sahib. The holy book is regarded as the divine revelation and utmost respect is paid to it.
The term sikh has its origin in the words, meaning a disciple or a student. The sri gur granth sahib is the holy book for sikhs, as guru gobind singh teached us. Pdf sikhism originated with the religious sage guru nanak, who was born in. In modern times, sikhism has spread to many parts of the globe through. Unlike the bible or the bhagavadgita, which are often carried around, dogeared and placed on a shelf with other books, there are strict rules and procedures for handling the adi granth.
The sikh holy book, the adi granth, took his place as indicated by its alternate name, guru granth. It also contains hymns and verses of thirteen hindu bhakti movement sant poets saints and two muslim saint poets. However, this claim is first observed only much later, in texts attributed to the 17thcentury hariji, the grandson of prithi chand. Nov 04, 2009 the third and final role is of the holy book of sikhism, guru granth sahib.
The abrahamic faiths, judaism, christianity, and islam, all began around the same vicinity, in the middle east, while hinduism and buddhism both began in india. Like the bible of christianity, the vedas of hinduism or the koran of islam, the guru granth sahib, also known as the adi granth, is the main scripture of sikhism. Religion, diffusion, technology flashcards quizlet. The tenth guru, guru gobind singh declared that there would be no other living gurus but instead sikhs could look to their holy scriptures for guidance, so the holy book became the guru teacher. A very short introduction by eleanor nesbitt, a history of the sikhs. Animist was diffused by native americans and most other religions such as buddhism by relocation diffusion. Each anima is a powerful spirit, which can help or hurt themselves and these are worshiped or feared.
We use your linkedin profile and activity data to personalize ads and to show you more relevant ads. While christianity is about 2,000 years old, sikhism is a relatively newer religion that originated in the indian subcontinent in the fifteenth century. There are also adulatory verses for the gurus such as guru nanak fused into some pages, those composed by bards. Introduction to sikhism gateway to sikhism foundation. Guru angad wrote the sikhs granth sahib holy book, which included his report on guru nanaks teachings and his own observations.
He followed guru nanaks opposition to caste and pursued a greater integration. Eleanor nesbitt highlights the key threads in the fascinating history, from the gurus and the development of the sikh appearance, to martyrdom and militarization in the 17th and 18th centuries, and the diaspora. I am surprised that they are even letting you go for that for starters, atheism isnt even a religion so it doesnt really match up with the question. Religious origins and diffusion hinduism is the oldest major religion originating around the indus valley within modern day pakistan around 4,000 years ago. Nanak was believed to have been summoned by god to found and spread a new religion, that ideally would create an obedient, equal, and pure society.
Sikh world, and compiled the first authorised book of sikh scripture. This book contains all the prayers and hymns that were chanted by all the sikh gurus. This book is one of the first to introduce newcomers to sikhism s meanings, beliefs, practices, rituals, and festivals. Introduction to sikhism by dr zakir naik sikhism is a nonsemitic, aryan, nonvedic religion. First book the sacred scripture of sikhism, a religion of india. Sikhism is a concise and readable survey of the history of sikhism, from its founding in the punjab in the sixteenth century to its spread across the globe today. Teachers and masters of sikhism traveled west all the way to baghdad and mecca, and way east to sri lanka. Bani of bhagats by g s chauhanthe lives and selected works of saints included in holy book sri guru granth sahib ji. Essay about diffusion of buddhism and hinduism 272 words. There is no known documented leaders, but sir edward tylor, a english anthropologist, defined the general doctrine of souls and other spiritual beings in general in. To this day, seekers of the religion still travel to punjab because it is the core of spiritual activities. Each grew in its hearth before diffusing to other areas. They believe that everthing has a anima latin for soul or spirit like animals, plants, rocks, mountains, rivers or stars.
Sikhism diffusion diffused outward from its origin in pakistan, particularly towards northern india, high concentration of sikhs in punjab region sikhism holy place. Of the 46 books in the catholic version of the old testament, seven books are not sacred in other forms of christianity. Sikhism founder guru nanak was a wanderer and mystic. Guru granth sahib contains the teaching of all its prophets, called gurus. The world religion, sikhism, began and still remains most dominant in the state of punjab, india. This holy book contains 1430 pages, containing the literature of 5 gurus called baani. It was founded in 1500 in india by guru nanak, who was the first of the ten gurus during the time period 1469 to 1708. It has over 3000 hymns and instructions to lead a good sikh life. This paper studies the diffusion of sikhism from its beginnings at the end of the fifteenth century to the present. Spread of an idea through movement of people from one place to. The guru granth sahib contains predominantly hymns of the following sikh gurus.
The sikh scripture is a book called the guru granth sahib the tenth guru, guru gobind singh declared that there would be no other living gurus but instead sikhs could look to their holy scriptures for guidance, so the holy book became the guru teacher. All were given five articles of faith the five kakaars, including long uncut hair, which men and some women wrap in a turban. It recognizes the equality between both genders and all religions, prohibits the intake of any intoxicants, and encourages an honest, truthful living. Jan 20, 2017 guru grant sahib the most sacred object in sikhism is the guru granth sahib also called the adi granth, the sikh holy book. Sikhism rejects idolatry, the caste system, ritualism, and asceticism. The 10th guru, gobind singh, declared that he would have no living successor, and this collection of teachings would become the ultimate guru for the sikh. The types of sacred and semisacred texts are, in fact, many and varied.
The title reflects the sikh belief that their holy book is now the sole guru for guidance and instruction. After the passing of the tenth and final guru, also known as guru gobind singh, the guru thereon became the guru granth sahib also known as the sikh holy book. The 5 major religions of the world all began in the eastern hemisphere. Cultural diffusion stimulated spiritual ideas in india as it had on the arabian peninsula more than nine hundred years before. According to sikh tradition, sikhism was established by guru nanak 14691539 and subsequently led by a succession of nine other gurus. The dasam granth is a composition primarily of the tenth guru, guru gobind singh. The hymns included range from the omnipresence of nature and basic day to day lessons. The book has a total of 1,430 pages and contains around 5,864 verses. Coming from the pluralist tradition of sikhism where the holy book contains not. Both religions are monotheistic but their rituals and practices are very different.
It originated in the punjab region during the 15th century from a sectarian split within the hindu tradition. The 11th sikh guru granth sahib is the everlasting guru. Diffusion,number of followers, and conflict today, the bahai faith is the second most widespread religion in the world. The third and final role is of the holy book of sikhism, guru granth sahib. Originally, the religion relied on the teaching of living gurus. Sikhism, as a religion and name, is a relatively new phenomena in indias long history and the genetic origins of the sikhs is a disputed area. Sikhism has no clergy, but spiritual guides may be called gurus.
Guru granth sahib ji is the central religious scripture of sikhism, regarded by sikhs as the final. Diffusion of sikhism and recent migration patterns of sikhs in india. The diffusion of atheism is obviously quite different from the growth of actual religions. Sikhism is open to all through the teachings of its 10 gurus enshrined in the sikh holy book and living guru, sri guru granth sahib. Sikhism is a religion from the indian subcontinent. In the 15th century, the birth of guru nanak signified the origin of sikhism and soon it gained popularity and spread in different parts of the country. Diffusion of sikhism and recent migration patterns of sikhs. Diffusion of sikhism and recent migration patterns of. Sikhs call it shri guru granth sahib ji answer to what is unique about guru granth sahib. Sikhs consider the granth to be a spiritual guide for mankind, and it plays a central role in guiding the sikhs way of life. Despite its pacifist roots, sikhism has come to be known as militant, which is unfortunate because such militancy stems largely from geographical issues outside of sikh control.
After the installation of the holy book, sri guru granth sahib, in dharamsalas from the seventeenth century onward, they came to be called gurduaras or. Riley deadwyler and adam miller history where and how sikhism was founded in the punjab region of india by guru nanak around the year 1499 first guru was guru nanak who lived in lahore present day pakistan why was sikhism formed. The sri guru granth sahib also known as adi granth is more than a holy book for the sikhs. Contagious diffusion by trade and conquest to spain, africa, and much of asia see page 201 relocation diffusion throughout the world. Bantu migration diffusion of bantu culture and farming throughout subsaharan africa before a. It has about 232 million followers, which are mostly located in africa, asia, and latin america. Still, it does seem like an interesting if challenging theme. The biographic details provided by the janam sakhis disclose that guru nanak undertook various long journeys across the country and even beyond its territories which greatly escalated the spread of sikhism. In northern india the ancient bhakti movement had spread with the coming of islam, and by the year 1500, a man named kabir 14401518, who was influenced by the bhakti movement, gained millions of followers in his call to a simple love of god that transcended both the. It is a voluminous text of 1430 pages, compiled and composed during the period of sikh gurus, from 1469 to 1708. Sikhs acknowledge the last guru to be guru gobind singh 16661708. This is the philosophy of true guru, the true way of living for a human being. Focusing particularly on the modern period, it provides a valuable introduction to contemporary sikh beliefs, devotional activity, and sacred space. Sikhism preaches a message of devotion and remembrance of god at all times, truthful living, equality of mankind, social justice and denounces superstitions and blind rituals.
Nov 25, 2016 the holy book of sikhism is guru granth sahib. He also put together the social codes of the religion which became the guru granth sahib. Guru nanak dev was the first guru and guru gobind singh the final guru in human form. The sikh scripture developed in linear, pure form becoming first the adi granth and finally the. It is a religion that has the sixth largest following in the world. The 11th and lasting sikh teacher is guru granth sahib, the sikh holy book, also known as the adi granth. The holy book contains writings of the sikh gurus, muslim fakirs and hindu saints.
Learn vocabulary, terms, and more with flashcards, games, and other study tools. Le guru granth sahib est le livre saint des sikhs, qui le considerent comme leur guru ou maitre spirituel eternel. Who so ever studies the literature, remains unanswered. As time passed and his movement spread beyond india, buddhism adopted as its. Feb 21, 2020 judaism is the worlds oldest monotheistic religion, dating back nearly 4,000 years. Popular sikhism books meet your next favorite book. Guru gobind singh designated the sri guru granth sahib the ultimate and final sikh guru. This book contains the teachings of all gurus, and hass been identically printed since the first copy, containing the same amount of pages, same words, and same paper size to preserve it. Guru granth sahib is the holy book of sikhism, which is a compilation of teachings passed down from the first guru to the last. Guru ji, said the holy book will be the guru after him, no other human form guru will come. The adi granth, while not worshiped, is ascribed divine status. Branches of sikhism originating from the pujab regon in india, sikhism is an indian religion with a great impact. Sikhism, religion and philosophy founded in the punjab region of the indian.
468 1180 762 1369 338 1447 286 622 1160 496 1458 1299 1287 1316 586 804 125 765 1494 478 1483 1473 1533 348 114 1406 784 299 890 159 1032 323 1485 19 1203 465 866